The Link Between High Cholesterol and Good Health

But too much cholesterol can cause fatty deposits in your blood vessels. These fatty deposits can block your arteries, causing heart disease or stroke.

High cholesterol is a serious health problem that can be prevented or treated with diet, exercise, and sometimes medication. 

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Risk Factors

Healthy cholesterol levels can protect you from developing diseases like heart disease and stroke. 

Risk factors for cholesterol are many and include a person's age, gender, race, lifestyle, family history, and medical conditions. 

For example, a person's diet and level of physical activity play a large role in their cholesterol levels. 

Genetics can contribute to high cholesterol, too, especially if the person has an inherited condition called familial hypercholesterolemia. This disease means your body does not remove "bad" LDL cholesterol as efficiently as it should.

Other risk factors include age, weight, and smoking habits. Smoking increases artery-clogging cholesterol in the bloodstream, leading to plaque buildup.

It's also essential to stop smoking and avoid fatty foods.

Losing five to 10 percent of your body weight may lower your cholesterol levels and reduce your risk for heart disease.

In addition, eating a balanced diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables can reduce your risk of developing high cholesterol. 

Symptoms

Cholesterol is a fatty substance your body requires to make hormones & help digest food. You get cholesterol from your nutrition and the fat in your liver. 

It can also lead to a heart attack or a stroke, as it blocks the blood flow to your heart and brain.

Symptoms can also include problems with your eyes. You may notice that they're blurry, or you might see dark spots in them. 

The most common cholesterol-related eye problem is xanthelasma, a yellowish or grayish-white ring around the colored part of your eye (iris). 

Other eye symptoms can include a white spot or streak in your vision. The buildup of cholesterol in the eye tissues or a blood vessel in the back of your eye can cause this.

You can have a lipid panel, a simple blood test showing cholesterol and other fatty substances in your blood. Your doctor can use this info to help diagnose high cholesterol and determine if you require a cure.

People of all ages are at risk for having high cholesterol, although it tends to be more common in older adults. But younger children and teens can also have high cholesterol if they have a family history of heart disease or a genetic condition that increases their risk of having it.

Treatment

If you have high cholesterol, your doctor may recommend treatment. This includes lifestyle changes and sometimes medication.

Lifestyle changes include a heart-healthy eating plan and regular exercise. These can lower your cholesterol levels by 20 to 30 percent, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

Your doctor may also recommend a drug called ezetimibe, which helps reduce blood cholesterol by limiting how much cholesterol in your diet is absorbed into your bloodstream. 

These medications are most effective at lowering LDL cholesterol but can lower triglycerides and increase HDL cholesterol. The type of medicine you need depends on your cholesterol level and other risk factors, such as your age or diabetes.

It is important to take these medicines as prescribed by your doctor. If you stop taking them, your lipid levels will rise again, increasing your risk of heart attack or stroke.

A lipid panel test at your doctor's office can help diagnose high cholesterol and show whether treatment is necessary.

The most common remedies for high cholesterol include a heart-healthy diet &exercise. 

Without treatment, you may develop a dangerous condition called atherosclerosis, narrowing your arteries and increasing your risk of a heart attack or stroke.

Another condition, familial hypercholesterolemia, can cause your cholesterol to be higher than normal for a long time. If this is the case, you can have a lipoprotein apheresis treatment to filter your blood and remove the LDL cholesterol.

Prevention

These include eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and reducing fat intake.

A low-fat diet with plenty of fiber and fruit and vegetables has been shown to help reduce the number of fatty plaques in your arteries and improve your cholesterol levels. Foods high in saturated fat should be avoided and replaced with unsaturated fats, such as olive oil, canola oil, nuts, seeds, fish, and avocados.

Eliminate foods that contain trans fats, such as partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, margarine, and store-bought cakes, biscuits, and pastries. 

A cigarette chemical blocks HDL, or "good" cholesterol, which removes fat from your bloodstream and helps protect your heart.

A cigarette habit can have many harmful effects on your health, including heart disease and cancer.

Avoiding high-fat dairy products and eating lean meats, fish, eggs, and low-fat cheese can also reduce cholesterol. 

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This type of fiber is found in beans (black, pinto, kidney, lima, and others), fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. These are more concentrated in a heart-healthy diet than in a low-fat diet. 

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